Publications

Russia faces rising economic and military strain. The Kremlin may muddle through, or opt to escalate if it senses time is running out. Europe should not be deterred and must strengthen preparedness and support for Ukraine to contain Russia effectively.

In terms of negotiations, Europe seems to be on the sidelines in the conflict with Iran, yet it bears the consequences. That must change and it can, Steven Everts argues, if Europe takes the diplomatic lead.

Europe’s reliance on Chinese pharmaceutical products leaves it dangerously exposed. To reduce risk, the EU must protect domestic production, diversify supply chains, and invest in innovation to strengthen resilience and strategic autonomy.

The US-Iran war exposes the risks of Europe’s reliance on US support for their defence ramp-up. Europeans must secure their rearmament by boosting domestic production, deepening cooperation with Ukraine and anchoring US production in Europe.

The Gulf war signals a shift in energy geopolitics, where control of oil and gas drives power. Facing renewed vulnerability, the EU must choose between continued dependence or accelerating domestic energy transformation to enhance resilience, competitiveness and autonomy.

At a time of intensifying global competition, Africa's energy transition is central to its development ambitions. A stronger Africa-EU partnership on renewables, grids and supply chains could deliver mutual gains, but weak infrastructure, financing gaps and fossil fuel dependence...

The US-Israel war on Iran is reshaping EU–Gulf relations, eroding trust in Washington’s security guarantees and opening a narrow window for the EU to deepen engagement with the region.

EU–NATO cooperation has intensified amid growing security threats, but structural constraints and renewed transatlantic tensions under Trump 2.0 complicate the partnership. The EU should strengthen coordination with NATO while preparing for greater transatlantic uncertainty.