Europe's drive to rearm cannot stop at its borders. The Western Balkans can bolster EU defence readiness – through industrial cooperation, military mobility and regional stability – if deeper integration is matched by governance reform and credible enlargement incentives.
The renewed debate over a European Security Council underscores Europe’s search for more effective decision-making in security policy. The most realistic way forward is strengthening existing formats rather than constructing an entirely new institution.
Donald Trump’s second term has defied expectations of isolationism. This interactive publication uses data and visuals to map the main axes of US foreign policy under Trump 2.0: military intervention, the ‘peace-business’ nexus, trade deals, and defence ties with Europe.
Branded as multilateral, the Board of Peace risks hollowing out multilateral legitimacy by centralising power and sidelining existing institutions. Gaza is its first test. For the EU, being ‘inside the room’ may mean influence without authority; real leverage will come from...
Defence clusters – small groups of aligned states – provide the most viable route to strengthen European military capabilities, allowing for greater industrial and operational cooperation. The EU should support and connect clusters into a more coherent European defence ecosystem.
